Also, i think there are differences in scoring for sf12 and sf12v2 so you need to ensure that you are scoring the right version. Stata module to calculate summary statistics for the sf36 health survey instrument, statistical software components s377601, boston college department of economics, revised 22 sep 1999. Statas factor command allows you to fit commonfactor models. Scores represent the percentage of total possible score achieved. The loss of observations because of missing sf12 items can reduce analytical power, increase variation in parameter estimates, and potentially lead to bias, particularly when the sf12 is the primary outcome of interest. The purpose of this paper is to examine if the brazilian version of sf 36 satisfies scaling assumptions, reliability and validity required for valid interpretation of the sf 36 summated ratings scales in. The sf 36 was a product of the medical outcomes study mos, a fouryear study that examined specific influences on outcomes of care 3,4. For the pain and general health scales, both the rand and nemc scoring are provided. How to calculate variance explained by sf36 summary. Mapping the sf 12 to the euroqol eq5d index in a national us sample peter franks, md, erica i. The sf 36 is a measure of health status and an abbreviated variant of it, the sf 6d, is commonly used in health economics as a variable in the qualityadjusted life year calculation to determine the costeffectiveness of a health treatment.
The resulting shortform survey instrument provides a solution to the problem faced by many investigators who must restrict survey length. The 0to100 scales can also be transformed into normbased scores which translate raw scores into. Ron hays, who worked with john ware at rand on developing the sf36, has some free scoring software on his website. Alternatively, factor can produce iterated principalfactor estimates communalities reestimated iteratively, principalcomponents factor. Please complete and submit this brief survey license request so we may contact you. The short form 36 health survey sf 36 evaluates the functional health and wellbeing of patients. Imputation of sf12 health scores for respondents with. Scoring of the sf36 and sf12 was performed using software available from qualitymetric quality metric, inc. In addition, new zealand sf 36v2 and sf 12v2 norms and the scoring coefficients are compared with those for the united states and south australia. Hypothesis data from the 36 item shortform health survey sf 36 do not follow a normal distribution and should not be analyzed using parametric techniques. In brazil, despite the growing use of sf 36 in different research environments, most of the psychometric evaluation of the translated questionnaire was from studies with samples of patients. Aggregate scores are compiled as a percentage of the total points possible, using the rand scoring table step i chart.
The 12item short form health survey sf12 was developed for the medical outcomes study mos, a multiyear study of patients with chronic conditions. The rand36 items health survey i not to be confused with the commercial mos sf36 questionnaire that contains similar questions but a different scoring system was developed by the rand. Scoring the rand 36item health survey is a twostep process. Dear users from the physiology department, does someone know of an implementation of the sf36 questionnaire scoring in r. When it comes to generating actual results, the scoring method is rather complicated to calculate. It is important that a license agreement be executed prior to using or reproducing optum patientreported outcome surveys. Benchmarks were robust across disease groups, but varied according to age and score level. Type of clinical outcome assessment coa original language s english for the usa. Many of the published articles used sf 36 to measure hrqol were reported physical component score pcs and mental component score mcs separately along with eight domains of sf 36. Since the sf36 is a general health assessment, it frequently needs to be paired with a more specific pro measure which can make the overall assessment process long. Scale scores are created for persons that answer any of the items in a scale note that nemc only creates scores for person who answer half or more of the items. Correlation of sf12 and sf36 in a trauma population.
All questions are scored on a scale from 0 to 100, with 100 representing the highest level of functioning possible. From the original 149item functional and well being profile used in the mos, a twentyitem short survey called the sf 20 was derived, but it was limited by floor effects 57. Statistical software components from boston college department of economics. First, precoded numeric values are recoded per the scoring key given in table 1. Keywords sf36 population norms emic effects health status cultural differences scoring weights introduction the sf36 version 1 sf36v1,1, released in 1988, is a widely used health status measure. Stata module to calculate summary statistics for the. Since the sf 36 is a general health assessment, it frequently needs to be paired with a more specific pro measure which can make the overall assessment process long.
The rand 36 items health survey i not to be confused with the commercial mos sf 36 questionnaire that contains similar questions but a different scoring system was developed by the rand. Longitudinal data on outcomes of total hip replacement thr, n 255, total. It is a practical, reliable and valid measure of physical and mental health that can be completed in five to ten minutes. Two summary measures can be calculated using us or jp reference populations.
The confirm installation box appears right indicating that the installer is ready to install the qualitymetric health outcomes scoring software 4. The sf6d is a classification for describing health derived from a selection of sf36 items. In step 2, items in the same scale are averaged together to create. We refer to it as a generic health survey because it can be used across age 18 and older. Sf36 total score as a single measure of healthrelated. Comparison of methods for the scoring and statistical. As the survey uses normbased scoring, comparisons can be made among the other generic health surveys sf12v2 and sf8. A 1point lower score on the physical function, general health, and physical component summary scales was associated with a 1. The sf36v2 provides scores for each of the eight health domains and psychometricallybased physical component summary pcs and mental component summary mcs scores. The sf36 questionnaire is a general health questionnaire distributed by qualitymetric.
Of these, many are local translation or validation studies examining its psychometric. Mapping the sf12 to the euroqol eq5d index in a national us. The sf36 is a questionnaire with 35 scoring categorical questions 26 categories that are summed into 8 first order summary variables. Yet, by using the standard sf12 scoring algorithm, even one missing item will yield missing data on the sf12 pcs and mcs. The 12item short form health survey sf 12 was developed for the medical outcomes study mos, a multiyear study of patients with chronic conditions.
Benchmarks for interpretation of score differences on the sf. If memory serves, fred wolfe had an early hand in the matter. Now we divide by the 3 answered questions to get a total of 46. Jun 01, 2005 the sf 12 health survey encompasses all eight sf 36 scales physical function, rolephysical, bodily pain, general health, vitality, social functioning, roleemotional and mental health and can be administered in 23 minutes ware et al.
Data sources pubmed, contact with authors for missing information, and author survey for. Benchmarks for interpretation of score differences on the. Norms for the sf 12v2 are derived from 2008 new zealand general social survey data, including 8,721 adults. As part of the medical outcomes study mos, a multiyear, multisite study to explain variations in patient outcomes, rand developed the 36 item short form health survey sf 36.
In addition, if national weighting data are available, two summary measures physical health and mental health may be calculated. The sf36 scoring manual 3 doesnt provide support to calculate a single measure of healthrelated quality of life, such as a sf36 totalglobaloverall score. Jul 31, 2008 the medical outcomes general health survey sf 36 is a widely used health status measure. Mapping the sf12 to the euroqol eq5d index in a national us sample peter franks, md, erica i. Behavior and analysis of 36item shortform health survey. Magnitude and meaningfulness of change in sf36 scores in. The sf 36 was developed in the usa to provide an eightscale health profile and two component summary scores representing physical and mental health. Any patient who completes the sf 36 or the sf 12 can be uniquely classified according to the sf 6d.
In addition, each item is scored on a 0 to 100 range so that the lowest and highest possible scores are 0 and 100, respectively. The published norms and scoring procedures are based on data from the us general population. The 0to100 scales can also be transformed into normbased scores which translate raw scores into a position on the population distribution of scores and so requires population norms. Mar 15, 2016 the rand 36 items health survey i not to be confused with the commercial mos sf 36 questionnaire that contains similar questions but a different scoring system was developed by the rand. This paper provides an alternative scoring algorithm for the sf 36 version 1 and the sf 12 version 1 physical and mental health summary scores. The sf 36 was developed during the medical outcomes study mos to measure generic health concepts relevant across age, disease, and treatment groups. It was very nice article and it is very useful to sas oc learners. If you require immediate assistance, please contact an account executive. A novel type of analysis, topbox analysis, may add to the interpretation of these data. Rand recommends the following straightforward approach to scoring the rand 36 item health survey. As expected, bi and sf36 physical component summary scores correlated stronger with the sf36 subscales pertaining to physical health spearman rho values range from.
Since a score of 100 represents high energy with no fatigue, the lower score of 46. For the sf 36 questionnaire, which is the best way to. Firstly, the sf 36 is an established and widely used questionnaire which has been extensively validated as a measure of healthrelated quality of life in a range of settings. This module may be installed from within stata by typing ssc install sf36.
Comparisons are made between new zealand norms for versions 1 and 2 of the sf 36 instrument. Hypothesis data from the 36item shortform health survey sf36 do not follow a normal distribution and should not be analyzed using parametric techniques. The sf 6d is a classification for describing health derived from a selection of sf 36 items. For the sf 36 questionnaire, which is the best way to analyze and show the results. Stata starting with version 12 can also perform sem but has less options than r. A physical summary and a mental summary are included in the test scoring. According to its developers, it is pointless trying to combine the two sf36 summary measures to produce an overall score of healthrelated quality of life. Also, i think there are differences in scoring for sf 12 and sf 12v2 so you need to ensure that you are scoring the right version. Any patient who completes the sf36 or the sf12 can be uniquely classified according to the sf6d. For the sf 36 questionnaire, which is the best way to analyze. The optum sf36v2 health survey asks 36 questions to measure functional health and wellbeing from the patients point of view. Norms for the physical and mental health component summary. If you want to specify a different disk drive and folder, click browse to select your preferred location.
Sf 36 is a set of generic, coherent, and easily administered qualityoflife measures. We refer to it as a generic health survey because it can be used across age 18 and older, disease, and treatment group, as. For instance, it only takes 30 seconds to enter an sf36 questionnaire into merlin. Sf36 questionnaire scoring for r dear users from the physiology department, does someone know of an implementation of the sf36 questionnaire scoring in r. Our approach to constructing these scores is the same as the approach taken by ware et al. Reliability and validity of the sf36 health survey.
The sf36 is a generalpurpose health survey instrument published by the medical outcomes trust. The test consists of 36 questions and requires 10 minutes to administer. Short form 36 health survey sf36 statistics solutions. Ron hays, who worked with john ware at rand on developing the sf 36, has some free scoring software on his website. The short form 36 health survey is a 36 item, patientreported survey of patient health. Note that all items are scored so that a high score defines a more favorable health state. Stata starting with version 12 can also perform sem but has. The aim of this study was to examine the magnitude and meaningfulness of change and sensitivity of sf 36 subscales following orthopedic surgery. The sf 12 has a different scoring protocol to the sf 36. The sf12 has a different scoring protocol to the sf36. It also has a low response rate in the 65 population. Correlated physical and mental health summary scores for the. The sf36 includes a multiitem scale with 8 subscales.
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